Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and the Importance of Eye Exams

February is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Awareness Month. At Eye Consultants of North Dakota, in addition to providing comprehensive eye care to our community, we are dedicated to educating patients on the importance of regular eye exams and early detection of eye diseases and disorders. In this month’s blog, we’re shedding light on AMD, one of the leading causes of vision loss in older adults.

What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?

Age-Related Macular Degeneration is a progressive eye condition affecting the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. There are two main types of Macular Degeneration —Dry AMD and Wet AMD.

Dry AMD is the more common of the two types, accounting for approximately 80-90% of AMD cases. It occurs when the light-sensitive cells in the macula, the central part of the retina, gradually break down and thin. As a result, patients may experience a slow and painless loss of central vision.

Wet AMD, though less common, tends to cause more rapid and severe vision loss. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina, leaking blood and fluid into the macula. Prompt intervention is essential for wet AMD, and treatments such as anti-VEGF injections can help slow down the progression by inhibiting the growth of abnormal blood vessels.

The Impact of Early Detection

AMD often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, making regular eye check-ups crucial for early detection. Discovering AMD early on can significantly help slow down the progression of AMD and preserve vision.

Here are some common symptoms of AMD to look out for:

• Blurred or Distorted Vision: One of the early signs of AMD is experiencing blurred or distorted central vision, making it difficult to see fine details.
• Straight Lines Appearing Wavy: A common symptom is the perception of straight lines appearing wavy or distorted.
• Dark Spots or Blank Areas: Patients may notice dark spots or blank areas in their central vision, affecting activities such as reading or recognizing faces.
• Difficulty Adapting to Low Light: Adjusting to low-light conditions becomes challenging as AMD progresses, affecting activities like driving at night.
• Decreased Color Brightness: Colors may appear less vibrant, and there might be a decrease in the overall brightness of visual perception.

Risk Factors Associated with AMD

It’s important to understand what factors contribute to the development of this condition.

The primary risk factor for AMD is age. As the name suggests, it is most commonly associated with the aging process. Individuals over the age of 50 are at an increased risk, and the prevalence rises significantly in those over 70.

Genetics also play a crucial role in the likelihood of developing AMD. If you have a family history of the condition, your risk may be higher. Understanding your family’s eye health history can provide valuable insights and prompt proactive measures.

Unhealthy lifestyle habits, particularly smoking, have been linked to an increased risk of AMD. The harmful chemicals in tobacco can have detrimental effects on the blood vessels in the eyes, contributing to the development and progression of AMD. Embracing a healthy lifestyle not only benefits overall well-being but also supports eye health.

Research suggests that a diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals may help reduce the risk of AMD. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, and vitamins C and E can contribute to maintaining optimal eye health. Consider incorporating leafy greens, fish, nuts, and colorful fruits into your diet for a vision-friendly boost.

While AMD can affect individuals of any race and gender, some studies indicate that Caucasians may be at a higher risk compared to other ethnic groups. Additionally, women may have a slightly higher prevalence than men. Understanding these demographic factors can aid in targeted awareness and early detection efforts.

The Role of Comprehensive Eye Exams

The importance of regular eye check-ups cannot be overstated, especially for those in high-risk categories. Comprehensive eye exams can detect early signs of AMD, allowing for timely intervention and management.

Navigating Treatment Options

For those diagnosed with AMD, Dr. Michelle Atchison, Dr. Anne Keating and Dr. Steven Thom will take the time to educate you on the treatment options available at Eye Consultants of North Dakota, and well as lifestyle adjustments, and ongoing management strategies. We understand the importance of a customized approach tailored to each patient’s unique needs.

As AMD Awareness Month unfolds, we are here to educate, support and care for those affected by AMD. By spreading awareness and advocating for early detection, we hope to empower our community to safeguard their vision.

Contact us today at (701) 235-0561 to schedule your comprehensive eye exam or click below to Request an Appointment.